Literature is an integral part of the culture of every nation, an indicator of the diversity and richness of the language, as well as the historical and mental features of a particular language or nation. After all, a work of art is not only a text that tells about past events or a description of personalities and phenomena, it is, first of all, a train of thought, life lessons, the beauty of language turns and the possibility of conveying emotions and experiences with the help of words. From this point of view, the translation of works of fiction from the original language into a foreign language is of interest. The task of the translator is not only the translation of vocabulary, but also the transfer of the meanings of set expressions, jokes, moments that describe the characteristics of the people, reflecting cultural and historical values. This article examines examples from the novel «Happiness» (in Turkish: Zulfü Livaneli “Mutluluk”) by the contemporary Turkish writer Zulfü Livaneli and compares the linguistic and cultural aspects of the translation of a literary text using the example of languages with different structures. Studying linguocultural concepts in their diversity, we approach the representation of the national picture of the world about the value system and behavior patterns of native speakers.